(Presuming that https://github.com/w3c/performance-timeline/pull/192 and the related HTML change https://github.com/whatwg/html/pull/7370 land) PerformanceEntry obejcts (https://w3c.github.io/performance-timeline/#the-performanceentry-interface) should track the number of times that a loaded document has appeared to the user to navigate. Initially this is a count of back-forward cache restorations, which are indistinguishable to the user from other history navigations. The intention is to extend this to include single-page-app (SPA) transitions which mimic traditional navigations (see https://github.com/WICG/soft-navigations), with other extensions possible in the future. The overall change here is that PerformanceEntry's IDL becomes interface PerformanceEntry { readonly attribute DOMString name; readonly attribute DOMString entryType; readonly attribute DOMHighResTimeStamp startTime; readonly attribute DOMHighResTimeStamp duration; readonly attribute unsigned long navigationId; [Default] object toJSON(); }; where navigationId is set to the value of a similar counter on the document where the entry originated. This counter starts at 1 for the initial (network) navigation, and is incremented by back-forward-cache restoration events (and in the future by detected SPA navigations)